HEBRON SCHOOL

Mathematics

  Programme includes:
Std 7 to 9 During these years we use the text books “Essential Skills in Maths” pub. Nelson. In each year we look at topics in Number, Algebra, Shape and Space and Data Handling, developing the ideas over the years. The following is a brief summary of the topics covered.
Std. 7
  • Number – Negatives, fractions, percentages, ratios
  • Algebra – sequences, collecting like terms, linear equations, plotting coordinates
  • Shape and Space – angle properties, symmetry, scale drawings, basic areas
  • Handling Data – mean and range, pie charts, scatter graphs, simple probability
Std. 8
  • Number – Primes, LCM and HCF, rounding and estimation, ratio and proportion
  • Algebra – sequences, multiplying brackets, simultaneous equations, straight line graphs.
  • Shape and Space – angles in polygons, scales, enlargements, locus, pythagoras’s Theorem, area of circle and volume of cylinder.
  • Handling Data – mean and median from grouped data, probability with combined events
Std. 9
  • Number – Standard Form, reverse percentages and compound interest
  • Algebra – simultaneous equations, factorsing quadratics, straight line graphs, travel graphs and quadratic graphs.
  • Shape and Space – Pythagoras’ Theorem, right-angled trigonometry, similar triangles, areas of sectors, lengths of arc, volumes and surface area of prisms.
  • Data Handling – averages, frequency distributions, cumulative frequency and scatter diagrams with lines of best fit.
Std 10 and 11 During these years, the year group is split into three groups selected on ability and aptitude.
  • The top group will take the Extended IGCSE course and the IGCSE Additional Mathematics course which is ideal preparation for those intending to go on to study Mathematics at A level and Further Mathematics at A level.
  • The second group will take the Extended IGCSE course over 2 years. To go on to study Mathematics at A level it is essential that you have covered the work of this Extended course.
  • The third group will cover the Core IGCSE course which is aimed at students who are weaker at Mathematics and the highest achievable grade is a C.
The following gives the course content for each level although clearly at the higher levels a lot of knowledge is presumed from previous years.
  Core IGCSE (Cambridge 0580A)
 
  • Arithmetic – negative numbers, BODMAS, powers, fractions, decimals, limits of accuracy. Percentages ratio and proportion.
  • Algebra – simplifying expression, multiplying brackets and factorising simple expressions, transposing formulae, sequences, linear and simultaneous equations.
  • Mensuration – unit conversions, perimeters, areas, volumes of prisms and nets.
  • Geometry – points, lines and angles, triangles, symmetry, quadrilaterals, polygons, circles and constructions.
  • Vectors and Transformations – translations, reflections, enlargements and rotations. Scales, maps and bearings.
  • Trigonometry – Pythagoras’ theorem and the use of trigonometry in right angels triangles.
  • Statistics and Probability – bar charts, pictograms and pie charts, averages and basic probability.
  Extended IGCSE (Cambridge 0580B)
 
  • Mensuration - perimeters, areas and volumes including specifically volumes and surface areas of pyramids, cones and spheres, also length, area and volume ratios of similar shapes.
  • Algebra 1 - transforming formulae, factorising, rules of indices including fractional and negative indices.
  • Trigonometry - sine and cosine rules, area of a general triangle, 3D Trigonometry and graphs of the 3 trigonometric functions.
  • Graphs and Functions - linear, quadratic, cubic and reciprocal graphs, graphical method of solving equations, gradient of curved graphs, distance and velocity time graphs. Inverse, and composite functions.
  • Algebra 2 - Quadratic formula, algebraic fractions and formulating equations from problems.
  • Linear Programming - Shading inequalities in graphs and solving practical problems by use of graphical inequalities.
  • Vectors, Transformations and Matrices - sum, difference and modulus of vectors in 2 Dimensions. Translations, reflections, rotations, enlargements, stretches and shears both drawing and described using matrices. Matrix addition, subtraction, multiplication and finding the inverse.
  • Statistics and Probability - understand the use of tree diagrams in combined probability problems, construct histograms and cumulative frequency curves, find mean, median, IQR and mode from grouped data.
  Additional Mathematics IGCSE (Cambridge 0606)
 
  • Simultaneous equations - with one quadratic and one linear.
  • Quadratic functions - finding numbers of roots, maxima and minima and inequalities.
  • Circular Measure - radians, arc length, area of sectors and segments.
  • Trigonometry - knowledge of the six trigonometric functions and their graphs, solving trig equations and proving identities.
  • Algebra - Indices, surds, factor and remainder theorem, solving cubics and the binomial expansion.
  • Logarithmic and Exponential functions - graphs, laws of logs and solving equations with the power as the unknown.
  • Straight lines - midpoint, parallel and perpendicular lines, reducing curved graphs to straight line form by taking logs.
  • Functions - domain, range, inverse, composite, graph sketching. Set Language, Permutations and Combinations.
  • Vectors and Matrices – position, unit and resultant vectors and resolving vectors to solve problems with relative velocity, solve matrix problems, use inverse matrix to solve simultaneous equations.
  • Differentiation - of polynomials, trig and exponential functions, products and quotients of functions and composite functions. Use differentiation to solve problems concerning gradients, maxima and minima, small increments and connected rates of change. Application to kinematics.
  • Integration - polynomials, trig and exponential functions, finding areas under graphs. Application to kinematics.
Std. 12 & 13

In Standard 12, students will take AS Mathematics taking a combination of Pure and Mechanics/Statistics (Cambridge 9709, papers 1 and either 4 or 6). For those students who are keen to do more mathematics at a higher level it is also possible to do AS Further Mathematics, in Pure and Mechanics (Edexcel modules 6667, 6677 and 6678) in Standard 12, provided that they have sufficient background such as having done Add Maths or the equivalent in Standard 11.

In Standard 13, students will take A2 Mathematics taking a combination of Pure and Statistics/Mechanics (Cambridge 9709, papers 3 and either 4, 5 or 6). Those students who have already completed an AS in Further Mathematics may do A2 Further Mathematics by taking 3 modules chosen from Pure, Mechanics and Statistics (Edexcel 6668, 6669 and on other). It should also be possible for AS Further Mathematics to be offered to Standard 13 students and they will probably be taught along side the Standard 12 students, timetable permitting.

 

Course Content
The AS/A2 Mathematics course is based on the Inter-board Common Core (an agreed upon basic set of knowledge and skills in the area of Pure Mathematics that is required of all A level Maths students) and on two additional Applied Maths sections.
Pure Mathematics includes topics such as Calculus (differentiation, integration and differential equations) and algebra (binomial theorem, arithmetic and geometric progressions, polynomials etc. Smaller topics range over such things as trigonometry, functions, vectors and complex numbers.

Particle mechanics is one of the applied sections where the concept of modeling is introduced. Newton’s laws are studied together with forces, velocities, accelerations, energy and power. This course complements the A level Physics course.

Statistics is the other applied module. There the basics of data analysis and presentation are considered. Probability is studied and various models for the distribution of random variables such as the Binomial and Normal Distributions are used in different contexts.

Further Mathematics is made up of a Pure section which deals with topics such as Polar Coordinates, Series Expansions, Differential Equations and more complex Vector and Matrix analysis. The applied sections take the ideas learnt in the A level courses further, tackling circular motion, projectiles and SHM in Mechanics or the Poisson Distribution and Hypothesis testing in Statistics.

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